The angle at which the elliptic (the apparent circle in which the sun describes its annual course across the sky) stands to the equator. The angle has been diminishing for about four thousand years. In choosing this subject for discussion by Holmes, ACD[Arthur Conan Doyle] is recalling a meeting of the Portsmouth Literary and Scientific Society which took place on 12 Feb. 1884. At that meeting, Major-General Alfred Wilks Drayson, FRAS (I827-1901) spent some time demonstrating how the earth went round the sun, and the moon round the earth, and how the tilt of the earth’s axis was responsible for the change in the seasons. He also discussed the Obliquity of the Ecliptic and this would stay in ACD’s mind for some nine years until he used the phrase in this story. This is not the first instance when the Sherlock Holmes stories show signs of Drayson’s influence. In ch. 2 of “A Study In Starlet”, Watson relates:
"My surprise reached a climax, however, when I found incidentally that he was ignorant of the Copernican Theory and of the composition of the Solar System. That any civilized human being in this nineteenth century should not be aware that the earth traveled round the sun appeared to me to be such an extraordinary feat that I could hardly realize it.
You appear to be astonished,’ he said, smiling at my expression of surprise. ‘Now that I do know It I shall do my best to forget it.’ "
Drayson had been a professor at the Military Academy at Woolwich, an explorer, and the author of fiction and travel books. In addition, he had been a psychical researcher for thirty years, and had sat with all the leading mediums of the day. It seems almost certain that Drayson was highly influential in turning the young Dr Conan Doyle’s mind towards a deeper study, and eventual acceptance, of the spiritualism which was to become his driving force during the final years of his life. Their friendship led ACD to dedicate a volume of his short stories ‘To my friend Major General A. W. Drayson as a slight token of my admiration for his great and as yet unrecognized services to astronomy’ The title chosen by ACD for the leading story in the eponymous volume (1890) is, perhaps, a demonstration of his sharp sense of humour: "The Captain of the Pole Star".
Here is the dedication that is mentioned in the above passage in the front of "The Captain of The Pole Star":
He is also mentioned in this note, though its not clear what he's referring to as the Google book preview does not contain the start of this note:
for Allahabad, of which ACD would have been given a vivid account by his Southsea patient and mentor, Major-General Alfred Wilks Drayson, who had reported on its defences twenty years after the Indian Mutiny.
Additionally this extract from "Reminiscences of a Municipal Engineer" by H. Percy Boulnois, also mentions Alfred Drayson and his friendship with Arthur Conan Doyle:
Another of my personal friends was Dr. Arthur Conan Doyle, now Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, the world-renowned author, and creator of Sherlock Holmes. General Drayson and I and Hugh S. Maclachlan (the then sub-editor of the Hampshire Telegraph), used often to go to Doyle's house after dinner, and, in his smoking-room, discuss all sorts of subjects, from metaphysics to more mundane matters. How well can I remember those enjoyable evenings when we settled mighty problems to our own satisfaction. I find amongst the few letters that I have preserved, one from Mr. Maclachlan, dated December 31, 1891, after I had left Portsmouth, in which he says, inter alia : " How delighted I, too, should be if there could be a repetition of those cosy, chatty smokes at which we penetrated the veil of the future, each in his own particular way. I recall Doyle's bold defiance of conventionalities, Drayson's sarcasms, and your own light keen touch on questions of morality and science. May we meet again some day with spirits just as young, and views as fresh." Maclachlan, soon after this date, became sub-editor of the London evening paper, The Star, and I saw him occasionally, but, alas, he died many years ago
1 comment:
I have been interested in Alfred Drayson for many years because he combined astronomy [which he taught at Sandhurst] with mysticism [he wrote articles under a pseudonym] and influenced Doyle, his young doctor. Drayson was the brother-in-law of Major John Richardson, Canada's first novelist, about whom I wrote a biography, The Canadian Don Quixote. Richardson's novels led Drayson to write an adventure novel of South Africa. Drayson was an expert on card games and wrote books about them. Does anyone know of his interest in astrology?
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